Design-related activities

Implementation of the latest construction technologies in large cities is usually achieved within the constraints of the already existing development. Still its purpose alongside the provision of additional residential, retail and office space is to refine the city utilities infrastructure, improve the related ecological settings, increase the comfort level of get-around the city, etc.

The solution of these issues goes mainly either through a multi-storey new construction approach or height increase for the already developed buildings height as well as enlarging the scope and extent of the underground construction.

In view of the afore stated constraints imposed on urban development in these times, the obvious advantage of NIIOSP today is its status of a complex scientific and full-scale organization uniting in its activities the designers, scientists, structural engineers, surveyors. Jointly and altogether, they are able to achieve a high standard of reliability and efficiency of the zero cycle projects, and safety of their implementation with respect to the existing buildings and structures.

With participation of the Institute scientific specialists, the geotechnical volumes of many urban projects implemented in Moscow and other cities were executed.

When it comes to Moscow City (Moscow International Business Centre), NIIOSP vastly contributed to computation and design of its central core; the comparable level of commitment was shown in course of activities related to reconstruction of the historical buildings of the Central Exhibition Hall Manezh and the Moskva Hotel, in course of construction of the Turkish Trade Centre in Zamoskvorechie, high-rise residential buildings Vertikal, Edelweiss and many other present-day Moscow high-risers.

Great contribution of the NIIOSP scientists was acknowledged in terms of building the supports of the underground bridge above Leninsky Prospekt underground station which now accommodates the Moscow Third Ring Road as well as the preservation of the buildings along the Lefortovsky segment of this highway.

In some cases, for instance when restoring Christ the Saviour Cathedral, the NIIOSP team undertook the entire decision-making process related to the base preparation and foundation construction.
Among the major projects implemented over the past years, the following stand out: the Moscow City IBC buildings varying in height from 16 to 72 meters with 5-7-level underground premises, and the residential complex in Prospekt Vernadskogo with social and cultural amenities and parking garage. For the needs of these projects NIIOSP designed the pit retaining structures, piled foundation, foundation slab, and pile cap foundations.

Still over those years, the designs of the MTS (Mobile TeleSytems) antenna towers support were produced to fit the required needs in some RF regions alongside the foundations underpinning design elaborated for the Central Exhibition Hall Manezh, and retaining of the underground premises executed at the site during the renovation activities.
In parallel with exclusively design-related activities, NIIOSP deals with a great amount of work associated with the project appraisal of foundations and bases for the buildings and structures as well as geotechnical expertise of the more complex projects under development.

In course of the design activities and when drafting the expert statements, the calculations are carried out with the help of up-to-date programmes to simulate a broad range of models. Many issues are resolved when applying spatial modelling including the use of the soil grounds behavioral patterns formulated by NIIOSP.

Below are the selected project designs for the most prominent assets:

1. Buildings and facilities of the Moscow City IBC Development Site (Sections 11, 14, 15)

Section 11 is designated to accommodate the transport terminal with 30- and 40-storey high-rising buildings and a 16-storey hotel stitched together by a 7-level underground space.

The pit retaining structures design was elaborated by NIIOSP, and envisions the application of the secant piles of 1000 mm in diameter and 32 m in length. The stability of the retaining walls is ensured by 3-5-tier ground anchors with their rated force of 50-95 tf.

A 72-storey multifunctional high-riser with a stylobate part and a 5-level underground space is designed to be built at Section 14.

The design of the building foundation was elaborated by NIIOSP, and consists of a reinforced slab of 4,35 m in thickness supported by the bored piles buried into the layer of limestone. The piles diameter varies from 900 to 1500 mm, with their length of upto 20 m. The design load for the piles is within the range of 1800 to 2500 tf.

Section 15 is designated for the construction of the office complex comprising 4 blocks of 71 storeys each and a 5-level underground space.

The design of the building foundation was elaborated by NIIOSP, and features a reinforced slab of 4,0 m in thickness supported by the bored piles buried into the layer of limestone. The piles diameter varies from 1000 to 1500 mm, with their length of upto 20 m. The design load for the piles is within the range of 2100 to 3000 tf.

    2. Residential complex of 223 apartments with social and cultural amenities and parking garage developed at 37-39 Prospekt Vernadskogo in Quarter 19 of Western Administrative District.

The complex includes two residential buildings, of 33 and 20 storeys respectively, and a 2-level underground parking garage. The residential blocks rest on a stylobate.
NIIOSP took lead in designing the following elements:

• The pit retaining structures made of metal bored piles of 325 mm in diameter and 9-13 m in length;
• Pile raft foundations for the residential buildings;
• Pile foundations engaging reinforced-concrete precast piles for the social and cultural amenities block and parking garage.

3. Antenna supports for MTS mobile telecom towers

The MTS mobile telecom towers represent high-rise structures made of metal tubular elements with their height in the range of 50 to 120 m. The towers rest on 3 or 4 supports. The supports building sites are spread all over Russia, and thus characterized by various soil conditions including those of thick backfills, subsiding and loose soils, etc.
NIIOSP contributed to elaboration of the designs for different foundation types on natural and piled bases with application of precast and bored piles to meet the regional standards, including such regions as Rostov, Saratov, Volgograd, Yaroslavl, Arkhangelsk, Tula, and others.

4. Residential complex in Lianozovo

High-rising residential blocks (over 75 m) with 2-level parking garages are incorporated into complex geotechnical conditions.
The foundation (piled-raft footing) and wall drainage designs in line with this project are elaborated by NIIOSP.

5. Medical premises within the Federal Research Center for social and forensic psychiatry named after V.P. Serbsky

These medical premises, with the underground part, are located in the vicinity of the residential building and three other Center facilities.
Under this project implementation, NIIOSP was a mastermind of designing the pit retaining structure and elaborating a set of protective measures (a geotechnical barrier).

6. Underground parking garage for the City Clinic within the grounds of Botkin Hospital

NIIOSP delivered a pit retaining structure design (a slurry wall) and an anchor system. The total length of the retaining structure exceeds 700 m. The soil excavation was achieved by application of a semi top-down technique where the superstructure functioned as a central core and perimeter earthen berms were incorporated into operation.

NIIOSP can be contracted for the performance of the design and project activities as follows:

• Pit retaining structures with the burial depth exceeding 15 m and constructed applying the cutting edge structural elements and machinery
• Support frameworks of the detached substructures and substructures of the buildings of various destinations
• Foundation slabs of different patterns
• Combined slab-pile foundations
• Shallow foundations on natural base
• Pile foundations
• Foundations reinforcement and strengthening of the foundation soils
• Sealing foundations and walls of the buildings and structures
• Water drawdown and drainage systems
• Impervious curtains
• Protective measures for the buildings against various impacts among which are the earthworks, water drawdown, vibration, etc.
• Eco barriers to ensure protection of the soil bodies against harmful industrial and agricultural wastes

Additionally, NIIOSP can be contracted to optimize the zero cycle stage design solutions for various assets under development.